"chléb" meaning in Old Czech

See chléb in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈxlɛːb/ (note: 13ᵗʰ CE), /ˈxliːp/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.? Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor. Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ Old Czech chléb Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ. Etymology templates: {{ety|zlw-ocs|:inh|sla-pro:*xlěbъ|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.? Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor. Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ Old Czech chléb [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "bread", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "bread", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*kʷel-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*hlaibaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Gothic", "term" : "𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃", "lang" : "got" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*xlěbъ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Czech", "term" : "chléb", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-ocs" }" data-lang="zlw-ocs" data-title="chléb"> Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ. Head templates: {{zlw-ocs-noun|m-in}} chléb m inan Inflection templates: {{zlw-ocs-ndecl|m.#}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], chléb [nominative, singular], chleby [dual, nominative], chlebi [nominative, plural], chlebové [nominative, plural], chleba [genitive, singular], chlebu [genitive, singular], chlebú [dual, genitive], chlebóv [genitive, plural], chlebu [dative, singular], chleboma [dative, dual], chlebóm [dative, plural], chléb [accusative, singular], chleby [accusative, dual], chleby [accusative, plural], chlebe [singular, vocative], chleby [dual, vocative], chlebi [plural, vocative], chlebové [plural, vocative], chlebě [locative, singular], chlebu [locative, singular], chlebú [dual, locative], chlebiech [locative, plural], chlebem [instrumental, singular], chleboma [dual, instrumental], chleby [instrumental, plural]
  1. bread Tags: inanimate, masculine
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "word": "chléb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-ocs",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xlěbъ",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlěbъ\nOld Czech chléb\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlaibaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*xlěbъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"chléb\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-ocs\" data-title=\"chléb\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlěbъ\nOld Czech chléb\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chléb",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebóv",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleboma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chléb",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebiech",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleboma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "chléb m inan",
      "name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.#"
      },
      "name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Czech",
  "lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Czech entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Czech entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Czech entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "english": "A human cannot live without bread and something to drink.",
          "text": "Člověk bez chleba a bez pitie nemóž býti živ.",
          "translation": "A human cannot live without bread and something to drink.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1432, Filip z Padeřova, chapter 6, in Bible padeřovská, Janovo evangelium, archived from the original on 27 Mar 2025:",
          "text": "Dvú stú peněz chlebové nestačie jim, aby každý maličko co vzal.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              57,
              62
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1476, Pasionál, Knihy o životech svatých:",
          "text": "Krmě jich obecná byla, zelé bez omasty na prosto vařené, chlíb řiedko, masa neb ryb nikda.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bread"
      ],
      "id": "en-chléb-zlw-ocs-noun-mFYEwrYC",
      "links": [
        [
          "bread",
          "bread"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxlɛːb/",
      "note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxliːp/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chléb"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "word": "chléb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-ocs",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "sla-pro:*xlěbъ",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlěbъ\nOld Czech chléb\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bread\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*kʷel-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*hlaibaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*xlěbъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Czech\", \"term\" : \"chléb\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-ocs\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-ocs\" data-title=\"chléb\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *kʷel-der.?\nProto-Germanic *hlaibaz\nGothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs)bor.\nProto-Slavic *xlěbъ\nOld Czech chléb\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zlw-ocs-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chléb",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleba",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebóv",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleboma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebóm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chléb",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebové",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebiech",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chlebem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleboma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chleby",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "chléb m inan",
      "name": "zlw-ocs-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m.#"
      },
      "name": "zlw-ocs-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Czech",
  "lang_code": "zlw-ocs",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Czech entries with etymology texts",
        "Old Czech entries with etymology trees",
        "Old Czech entries with etymon",
        "Old Czech entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Czech hard masculine o-stem nouns",
        "Old Czech inanimate nouns",
        "Old Czech lemmas",
        "Old Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
        "Old Czech masculine nouns",
        "Old Czech nouns",
        "Old Czech nouns with quantitative vowel alternation",
        "Old Czech terms derived from Gothic",
        "Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Old Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷel-",
        "Old Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Old Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old Czech terms with quotations",
        "Old Czech terms with usage examples",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Requests for translations of Old Czech quotations",
        "zlw-ocs:Breads"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              11,
              17
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "english": "A human cannot live without bread and something to drink.",
          "text": "Člověk bez chleba a bez pitie nemóž býti živ.",
          "translation": "A human cannot live without bread and something to drink.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              14,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1432, Filip z Padeřova, chapter 6, in Bible padeřovská, Janovo evangelium, archived from the original on 27 Mar 2025:",
          "text": "Dvú stú peněz chlebové nestačie jim, aby každý maličko co vzal.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              57,
              62
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1476, Pasionál, Knihy o životech svatých:",
          "text": "Krmě jich obecná byla, zelé bez omasty na prosto vařené, chlíb řiedko, masa neb ryb nikda.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bread"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bread",
          "bread"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxlɛːb/",
      "note": "13ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxliːp/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "chléb"
}

Download raw JSONL data for chléb meaning in Old Czech (6.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Czech dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.